Selfanchored suspension bridges august 7, 2012 selfanchored suspension bridges differ from the type discussed in arts. The design for the suspension bridge of this 7472 feet 2. A self anchored cablestayed suspension bridge with a main span of 800m is analyzed with linear theory, secondorder theory and nonlinear theory respectively. There have not been adequate documents related to the optimization theory of cable tension method of selfanchored suspension bridge. Design of continuous welded rail on a suspension bridge. The original east bay span of the bridge was a cantilever design having two long structural parts lying across a support, with the two arms in balance. Living load nonlinear analysis of selfanchored cable.
The static behavior of selfanchored cablestayed suspension bridge under vertical load is described with the continuum method. The sas spans 565 m between the piers e2 and w2, with a 385m main span, over the navigational channel, and a 180 m back span. Maroney3 abstract the signature span of the new eastern spans of the san francisco oakland bay bridge is an asymmetric self anchored suspension sas bridge. Abstract the new self anchored suspension span of the east san franciscooakland bay bridge is the main subject of study of this research project. Inca rope bridge has features in common with a suspension bridge and predates them by at least three hundred years. In view of this point, a simplified optimization calculation method of cable force for selfanchored suspension bridge has been developed based on optimization theories, such as minimum bending energy method, and internal force balanced method, influence matrix method. The initial hanger tensions are first obtained through an iterative analysis by combining the girdertoweronly finite element fe model with the analytical program for shape. Some suspension bridges are of unusual hybrid types.
In fact, the east span is one of the most costly, complex, and challenging bridge projects in u. The analysis results show that the longitudinal displacement of the main girder is much larger under longitudinal seismic input, so some inhibiting device or dampers should be used to avoid impacting. The asymmetrical self anchored suspension sas feature, with its short tower height and other restrictions, has never been attempted before. Selfanchored suspension bridge design criteria 0711502 100% submittal reference. Seminar report on cable suspension bridge to be submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of bachelor of technology in civil engineering under the guidance of dr. San franciscooakland bay bridge design criteria contract 59a0040 100% submittal san franciscooakland bay bridge east span seismic safety project contract 59a0040 selfanchored suspension bridge design criteria 0711502 100% submittal reference. Any load applied to the bridge is transformed into a tension in these main cables.
Repairing the worlds largest selfanchored suspension bridge the concept of constructing a bridge linking san francisco with oakland has existed since the early 1870s. A self anchored suspension bridge is a suspension bridge in which the main cables attach to the ends of the deck, rather than to the ground via large anchorages. With a main span length of 1,263 feet, sas is the longest, singletower, selfanchored suspension bridge in the world. Nvf annual bridge conference 2014 unique bridges in qatar. A selfanchored suspension bridge is a suspension bridge in which the main cables attach to. Dartmouthx the engineering of structures around us recommended for you.
The following 168 files are in this category, out of 168 total. Feb 06, 20 analyze and calculates loads of a suspension bridge and comparing to a cable stayed bridge duration. Selfanchored suspension bridge combining elements of a suspension bridge and a cablestayed bridge. Dynamic analyses of a selfanchored suspension bridge under. Selfanchored suspension bridges tu delft repositories. And the schemes of cablestayed suspension bridge have been proposed many times, such as turkey izmit bridge, gibraltar strait bridge, lingdingyang bridge, and so on. Self anchored suspension bridges differ from the type discussed in arts. The new east bay span is a selfanchored suspension bridge it has a single tall tower with one cable. What links here related changes upload file special pages permanent link page. The design is wellsuited for construction atop elevated piers, or in areas of unstable soils where anchorages would be difficult to construct. Department of structural engineering university of. Optimization analysis model of selfanchored suspension bridge. Rigid towers for multispan suspension bridges to provide enough stiffness to the bridge flexible towers are commonly used in long.
Most suspension bridges are externally anchored earthanchored to a massive external anchorage fig. Classification and characteristics of suspension bridges. San franciscooakland bay selfanchored suspension span. Difference between types of bridges the load path of the selfanchored suspension bridge. One signature element transforms the san franciscooakland bay bridge into a global icon the selfanchored suspension span sas.
Analyze and calculates loads of a suspension bridge and comparing to a cable stayed bridge duration. Based on the partition generalized variation principle, considering the compressionbending coupling effect of the main girder and the tower, the large displacement incomplete generalized potential energy functional of threespan self anchored cablestayed suspension. Toll bridge seismic retrofit program 2010 first quarter risk management report page 2 2 potential draw on program contingency 2. Since 1999, self anchored suspension bridges sasbs have undergone rapid development in china, resulting in remarkable technical progresses in many aspects. A suspension bridge usually has main cables else ropes or chains, anchored at each end of the bridge. San franciscooakland bay bridge selfanchored suspension. Dynamic analyses of a selfanchored suspension bridge. Unlike the externally anchored type, self anchored suspension bridges may properly be analyzed by the elastic theory, since the effect of distortions of the structural geometry under live load is practically eliminated. Pdf deflection theory for selfanchored suspension bridges. The hangers of self anchored suspension bridge need to be tensioned suitably during construction. San francisco oakland bay bridge new self anchored suspension span wind studies final report, january 2002 prepared by t. When completed, the selfanchored suspension span sas will transform the bridges appear ance with its unique, asymmetric design. Jyoti prasad professor department of civil engineering, college of technology submitted by.
Selfanchored suspension bridges are increasingly appreciated by engineers for their aesthetic look, low cost and more adaptive for geological environment. The moments and displacements of both the girder and the pylon under live load are acquired. Since 1999, selfanchored suspension bridges sasbs have undergone rapid development in china, resulting in remarkable technical progresses in many aspects. The final portion of the paper evaluates the potential for selfanchored suspension bridge design, and provides recommendations for design engineers. In the 10 years following that tragic event, caltrans retrofitted or replaced more than 2,000 bridges and performed work on all 7 stateowned toll bridges in the bay area. This includes most simple suspension bridges and suspendeddeck suspension bridges, and excludes self anchored suspension bridges. It was completed and opened to traffic on september 20. Deflection theory for selfanchored suspension bridges under. Suspension bridges may also be classified by type of cable anchorage, external or internal. Use the terrain tool will make the pylon with the terrain does not move up and down movement, but the deck. Deflection theory for selfanchored suspension bridges. Design method of energydissipating earthquakereduction along longitudinal direction of selfanchored suspension bridgej.
For selfanchored suspension bridges having the fabrication camber subjected to live loads, a new deflection theory is formulated after an optimized initial state solution is found under dead loads. Research on limit span of selfanchored suspension bridge. Pdf for selfanchored suspension bridges having the fabrication camber subjected to live loads, a new deflection theory is formulated after an. Determination of reasonable finished state of self. The new selfanchored suspension bridge will be a landmark structure that cre ates a gateway to oakland while remaining in harmony with the rest of the bays suspension bridges. Self anchored suspension bridges august 7, 2012 self anchored suspension bridges differ from the type discussed in arts. A selfanchored suspension bridge is a suspension bridge in which the main cables attach to the ends of the deck, rather than to the ground via large anchorages. The asymmetrical selfanchored suspension sas feature, with its short tower height and other restrictions, has never been attempted before. The east bay bridge would become the first singletower selfanchored suspension bridge and its scale would make it a unique world class structure. The sas is a selfanchoring suspension span with one main cable that anchors to the eastern end of the roadway deck, rather than to the ground anchorages. If the bridge is built on the waterway, will ship direct to wear off, no physical collisions. Both calculation documents display the finding that. San francisco bay area toll bridge seismic retrofit and.
The bridge is a selfanchored suspensioncablestay system with single arch pylon and 3 spans steelconcrete composite girder 72. Toll bridge seismic retrofit and regional measure 1 programs 2012 second quarter. The bridge will be constructed using temporary towers and bargemounted. The hangers of selfanchored suspension bridge need to be tensioned suitably during construction. Its main span is the longest in the world among all selfanchored suspension bridges constructed using double towers and double cables till. This paper deals with a challenging bridge type, which is not very well known i. The 1989 loma prieta earthquake made clear the need to improve the safety of the highway system overpasses and bridges. The construction of the bridge approach section with twoway sixlane highway, or use the pier for oneself. Based on the partition generalized variation principle, considering the compressionbending coupling effect of the main girder and the tower, the large displacement incomplete generalized potential energy functional of threespan selfanchored cablestayed suspension. The east bay bridge would become the first singletower selfanchored suspension bridge and its. Living load nonlinearity of self anchored cablestayed suspension bridges is studied in this paper. This engineering and construction marvel raises the bridge building bar to new heights. A pure suspension bridge is one without additional stay cables and in which the main cables are anchored in the ground.
Dynamic analysis of a selfanchored suspension bridgej. Analysis of selfanchored and groundanchored suspension. Deflection theory for selfanchored suspension bridges under live load article pdf available in journal of bridge engineering 207. For self anchored suspension bridges having the fabrication camber subjected to live loads, a new deflection theory is formulated after an optimized initial state solution is found under dead loads. Deflection theory for selfanchored suspension bridges under live load. This 625meter portion of the new bridge includes parallel orthotropic box girders and a single steel tower to support the main cables. Constructing the worlds largest selfanchored suspension bridge laborers carrying cans of grikote anticorrosion paste on the southside span catwalk in the fog, 2012. In view of this point, a simplified optimization calculation method of cable force for self anchored suspension bridge has been developed based on optimization theories, such as minimum bending energy method, and internal force balanced method, influence matrix method. Steam workshop single tower selfanchored suspension bridge.
Selfanchored suspension bridges in china request pdf. San franciscooakland bay bridge seismic retrofit strategy 12 east span seismic replacement project san franciscooakland bay bridge east span replacement project summary 14 yerba buena island detour ybid 15 yerba buena island transition structures 16 self anchored suspension sas bridge 18 sas construction sequence 20. The basic differential equations of selfanchored cable. Abstract the new selfanchored suspension span of the east san franciscooakland bay bridge is the main subject of study of this research project. Living load nonlinearity of selfanchored cablestayed suspension bridges is studied in this paper. The experiment is based on longcheng bridge shown in figure 1 across beijinghangzhou canal in changzhou, china.
This bridge is three times more costly than any previous caltrans construction project. The san franciscooakland bay bridge selfanchored suspension bridge cable suspenders being prepared for installation. The konohana bridge in osaka, japan, illustrates this type and provides a case study to compare conventional suspension bridge theory with the results of a finiteelement model. Selfanchored suspension bridges transportation research board. The self anchored suspension bridge consists of dual box girders suspended from cables which are s upported on single 160 m tower located off of the eastern shore of the yerba buena island. Analysis of selfanchored and groundanchored suspension bridges. Constructing the worlds largest selfanchored suspension. The original suspension bridge over the tagus river in lisbon, portugal was constructed in 1966. The earliest suspension bridges had the cables anchored in the ground at either end of the bridge, but some modern suspension bridges anchor the cables to the ends of the bridge itself. Aug 31, 2015 the construction of the bridge approach section with twoway sixlane highway, or use the pier for oneself. The sas is the largest bridge of its kind anywhere in world 2,047 feet, one of many firsts. A systematic and generic procedure for the determination of the reasonable finished state of selfanchored suspension bridges is proposed, the realization of which is mainly through adjustment of the hanger tensions. Illustration of a selfanchored cablestayed suspension bridge.
The bridge opened to traffic on labor day weekend, 20, and has earned many accolades, often mentioned alongside the golden gate bridge as an iconic structure of the sf bay area. Selfanchored suspension bridges differ from the type discussed in arts. The sas is a self anchoring suspension span with one main cable that anchors to the eastern end of the roadway deck, rather than to the ground anchorages. The bridge is a self anchored suspension cablestay system with single arch pylon and 3 spans steelconcrete composite girder 72. In 1936, the longtime dream of linking the two locations was finally realized, and the nearly 5milelong san franciscooakland bay bridge was officially opened to traffic. Bridge erection using suspension structure conversion into a selfanchored bridge structure at completion fig.
However, in a rope bridge the deck itself is suspended from the anchored piers and the guardrails are nonstructural. The selfanchored suspension bridge sas superstructure and tower package is for construction of the signature span of the new bridge. The final portion of the paper evaluates the potential for self anchored suspension bridge design, and provides recommendations for design engineers. Unlike the externally anchored type, selfanchored suspension bridges may properly be analyzed by the elastic theory, since the effect of distortions of the structural geometry under live load is practically eliminated. The static behavior of self anchored cablestayed suspension bridge under vertical load is described with the continuum method. Constructing the worlds largest selfanchored suspension bridge. The seismic response of the wusong bridge was analyzed though the response spectrum method and the timehistory method by adopting the midascivil. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to summarize and present some experiences and even lessons for the worldwide community of practicing engineers and researchers. A selfanchored cablestayed suspension bridge with a main span of 800m is analyzed with linear theory, secondorder theory and nonlinear theory respectively. American bridgefluor selfanchored suspension span sas the new east span of the san franciscooakland bay bridge is the worlds longest selfanchored suspension span, 620 metres. Illustration of a self anchored cablestayed suspension bridge. Deflection theory for self anchored suspension bridges under live load. Toll bridge seismic retrofit projects seismic safety status.
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